语法 · HSK 2–3
How to use 着 (zhe) for ongoing states
Verb + 着 describes a continuing state or the manner of an action: 门开着 "The door is open", 他笑着说 "He said with a smile". It answers "in what state?" rather than "what is happening now?"; for actions in progress use 在 or 正在: 他在看书.
句型Patterns
Noun + Verb + 着A state that persists: 灯亮着, 窗户关着.Place + Verb + 着 + NounExistence: 墙上挂着一幅画 "A painting hangs on the wall".Verb1 + 着 + Verb2Doing Verb2 while in the state of Verb1: 他坐着看电视.没 + Verb + 着Negation: 门没开着.
例句Examples
- 教室的门开着。jiào shì de mén kāi zhe.The classroom door is open.
- 墙上挂着一张地图。qiáng shàng guà zhe yì zhāng dì tú.There is a map hanging on the wall.
- 她笑着对我说："没关系。"tā xiào zhe duì wǒ shuō:" méi guān xi."She smiled and said to me, "It doesn't matter."
- 我们走着去学校吧。wǒ men zǒu zhe qù xué xiào ba.Let's walk to school.
常见错误Common mistakes
-
✗我着吃饭。
✓我在吃饭。
着 follows a verb; for "I am eating" use 在 before the verb.
-
✗他正在穿着一件红衣服。
✓他穿着一件红衣服。
Wearing is a state, so 着 alone; 正在 is for actions in progress.
-
✗墙上挂着画了。
✓墙上挂着一幅画。
Existence sentences with 着 take an indefinite object and no 了.
重点词语Words in this guide
Common questions
What is the difference between 着 and 在?
在 + verb says an action is in progress (他在穿衣服 "he is putting clothes on"); verb + 着 says a resulting state continues (他穿着红衣服 "he is wearing red").