语法 · HSK 2
How to use 过 (guo) for past experience
Verb + 过 says you have had an experience at some point, "have ever": 我去过北京 "I have been to Beijing". It is negated with 没(有) and keeps 过: 我没去过北京. Ask with 吗 or 没有: 你吃过饺子吗？ Use 过 for experiences, 了 for a specific completed action.
句型Patterns
Subject + Verb + 过 + ObjectHas done it before (at least once).Subject + 没(有) + Verb + 过 + ObjectHas never done it; 过 stays.Verb + 过 + Object + 吗 / 没有？Have you ever …?Verb + 过 + Number + 次How many times: 我去过两次.
例句Examples
- 我去过中国两次。wǒ qù guò zhōng guó liǎng cì.I've been to China twice.
- 你吃过北京烤鸭吗？nǐ chī guò běi jīng kǎo yā ma?Have you ever eaten Peking duck?
- 我从来没看过这部电影。wǒ cóng lái méi kàn guò zhè bù diàn yǐng.I've never seen this film.
- 他以前学过日语。tā yǐ qián xué guò rì yǔ.He studied Japanese before.
常见错误Common mistakes
-
✗我没去北京过。
✓我没去过北京。
过 goes right after the verb, before the object.
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✗我不去过北京。
✓我没去过北京。
Experiences are negated with 没, never 不.
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✗我昨天去过超市买东西。
✓我昨天去超市买东西了。
A specific one-off event at a stated time uses 了, not 过.
重点词语Words in this guide
Common questions
What is the difference between 了 and 过?
我去了北京 reports that a trip happened (often you are still there or it just happened); 我去过北京 says you have the experience of having been, and are back.
Can I use 过 with 已经?
Yes, to say something has already been done: 这本书我已经看过了.