语法 · HSK 3–4
对 (duì) vs 对于 (duìyú) vs 关于 (guānyú): "to, toward, about"
对 and 对于 both point to the target of an attitude or effect (对身体好 "good for health", 对历史感兴趣 "interested in history"). Wherever 对于 works, 对 also works—but only 对 can mark the person you speak or act toward (对我笑, 对他说). 关于 means "about / concerning" a topic and usually modifies a noun (关于中国的书) or sits at the very start of a sentence (关于这个问题，……).
句型Patterns
Subject + 对 + Person + Verb (说 / 笑 / 好)Directed at a person (cannot use 对于 or 关于).对 / 对于 + Object，Subject + Attitude/OpinionRegarding a target: 对于这件事，大家看法不同.关于 + Topic + 的 + NounAbout a topic: 一本关于人工智能的书.
例句Examples
- 每天运动对身体健康很有帮助。měi tiān yùn dòng duì shēn tǐ jiàn kāng hěn yǒu bāng zhù.Exercising every day is very helpful for physical health.
- 她笑着对我说："欢迎来我们学校！"tā xiào zhe duì wǒ shuō:" huān yíng lái wǒ men xué xiào!"She smiled and said to me, "Welcome to our school!"
- 我借了一本关于中国历史的小说。wǒ jiè le yì běn guān yú zhōng guó lì shǐ de xiǎo shuō.I borrowed a novel about Chinese history.
- 对于这个计划，你有什么看法？duì yú zhè ge jì huà, nǐ yǒu shén me kàn fǎ?Regarding this plan, what is your view?
常见错误Common mistakes
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✗他对于我笑了笑。
✓他对我笑了笑。
When pointing to the recipient of an action like 笑 or 说, only 对 can be used, not 对于.
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✗我对这件事还不清楚，我想买一本对它的书。
✓我对这件事还不清楚，我想买一本关于它的书。
To modify a noun as "a book/film about X", use 关于 X 的 Noun.
重点词语Words in this guide
Common questions
Can 关于 go after the subject?
Usually no: put 关于 at the very beginning of the sentence (关于明天的会议，我通知大家一下), whereas 对/对于 can go either before or after the subject.